Retail Clinics for Chronic Conditions Like Asthma Hypertension Lipids and Diabetes Mellitus A Look At the Value Proposition

Is there a business model in there?

To the delight of skeptics, pundits and bloggers everywhere, U.S. health orm continues to follow its predicted trajectory: fiscal shortfalls are now biting the nominally "wealthy," the Feds arent about to admit that theyre in over their head on implementing their health insurance exchanges, opportunities for cronyism are increasing and the DMCB spouse is wondering why her supposedly expert-husband cant find health insurance for less than a thousand a month.

In the meantime, theres no sign that Washington DC will ease up on the "accomodative" money-printing presses that are feeding "QE Infinity."  Thats no problem, though, because Europe is reminding us that once the paper currency is undermined, selling gold is a handy way to quell grumpy voters and prop up the welfare state.

Yet, Clayton Christensen tells us a fix is at hand: much of health cares quality and costs travails, he says, can be solved by embracing the disruptive innovation of non-physician treatment of acute and chronic conditions.  His supporters are undoubtedly cheering Walgreens recent decision to to have its 330 Take Care Clinics add hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol and asthma care to its portfolio of nurse practitioner services.

After reading the usual retail clinic policy tomes both for ("access to care") and against ("health care balkanization" plus "missed diagnoses"), the Disease Management Care Blog isnt convinced that Walgreens decision is such a slam dunk.

Thats because these clinics business proposition is less about innovation and more about being a loss leader that increases retail pharmacy foot-traffic. In fact, offering free retail clinic services has been tried. The premise is that the retail customer-patients will stop by the pharmacy window for new drugs and, while theyre at it, renew those other high margin prescriptions.  If they pick up some diapers and nail polish while making their way to the front of the store, all the better.

While that certainly sounds good, retail clinics are not a build-it-and-they-will-come cash machine.  Recall that CVS had to pull the plug on its retail clinics several years ago.  Foot traffic didnt materialize and the supposed loss leader turned into a money pit. 

The good news for Walgreens is that they have Jeffrey Kang in their corner.  Prior to this, he led health insurer CIGNAs disease management initiatives. He undoubtedly understands retail, population-based outcomes and care coordination. If anyone can pull this off, he can.

The DMCBs conclusions?

It wont be easy. While Walgreens we-accept-all-insurance plans-VISA-Mastercard-and-American Express foray into primary care might work, it could also fail. Large health care systems use their primary care providers to feed their high margin and still-profitable specialty care services.  On the other side, small physician-owned practices are learning that hustling, high service standards, attention to overhead, accurate billing, patient mix and ancillaries can be profitable. Walgreens has neither. It remains to be seen whether this publicly owned companys bottom line will be aided by salaried NPs chasing pharmaceuticals narrowing margins.

Speaking of margins, the DMCB wonders if Walgreens will use its clinics to steer patients toward favored formularies or aid rebate and market share agreements. Could they also use and eventually monetize the Big Data like Target to further the companys business interests? If any one knows, please contact the DMCB.

Commoditization?  The DMCB thinks so and its not alone. Over time, the professionals staffing these clinics may find primary care is more complex and that they and their patients deserve better.

Ease of Exit? For who? Given that this is ultimately a business, it would be corporate malfeasance if Walgreens didnt have an exit strategy. Unfortunately, one companys exit could be another patients abandonment. Thats a real risk for the patients who come to count on Walgreens for their longitudinal care.

Patient Centered Medical Home Threat... or Friend?  The DMCB doesnt think so. If the medical home offers the value that its advocates say, savvy health care consumers will be able to vote with their feet. If the PCMH falters, it wont be because of Walgreens; in fact, the threat of competition may force help medical homes be more efficient.  In the meantime, medical homes should treat retail clinics like a community resource and er (or outsource) appropriate patients for routine health care. Why not?

Strawberries Increase Antioxidant Levels to Lower Chronic Disease Risks

Strawberries are shown to be a potent source of antioxidants in a body of research published in the journal Food Chemistry. In vivo studies confirm that regular consumption of the flavorful fruit raise antioxidant blood saturation levels.

This can help to lower the risk of chronic diseases ranging from heart disease and cancer to metabolic disorders including diabetes. The study, conducted by Italian and Spanish researchers demonstrated that eating two cups of strawberries daily for two weeks boosted the antioxidant status of red blood cells and improved the body`s immune response reaction to oxidative stress to lower disease risk.

Strawberries Shown to Significantly Increase Disease-Fighting Antioxidants in Blood

European researchers have demonstrated the antioxidant capacity of strawberries on human health using volunteers at the Marche Polytechnic University in Italy. Twelve healthy adults were fed the equivalent of two cups of strawberries over the course of a day for a period of two weeks.

Blood samples were taken after four, eight, twelve and sixteen days and then again after a month. Live blood analysis showed that regular consumption of this super fruit significantly increases the antioxidant capacity of blood plasma as well as the resistance of red blood cells to oxidative haemolysis in a process known as fragmentation.

Lead author and researcher, Dr. Maurizio Battino commented on the initial results “We have shown that some varieties of strawberries make erythrocytes more resistant to oxidative stress. This could be of great significance if you take into account that this phenomenon can lead to serious diseases.”

Strawberries Lower Risk of Developing Heart Disease, Cancer and Dementia

Researchers are continuing to test a variety of strawberry strains and different consumption levels to determine optimal antioxidant levels. They note that strawberries should form part of a healthy, balanced diet and be included as a daily serving of fruits and vegetables necessary to lower disease risk.

Strawberries contain a large concentration of phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids known to exert potent antioxidant properties. Flavonoid consumption triggers an extensive arsenal of antioxidant mechanisms that function at the cellular level to fight free radical production and lower the risk from heart disease, cancer, diabetes and dementia. Antioxidants promote normal cellular function and are either manufactured by the body or consumed through diet in the form of natural foods such as strawberries.

When the blood antioxidant capacity is lowered by stress, physical exertion or normal metabolic function, oxidative stress occurs and the risk of chronic disease increases exponentially. Many forward-thinking scientists posit that oxidative stress is a key factor determining how quickly we age, and foods such as strawberries hold the answer to slow this process and prevent a host of deadly illnesses.